PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY) NC III – TESDA COURSE MODULE

TESDA TRAINING REGULATIONS FOR PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY) NC III COURSE

The TESDA Course in PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY) NC III consists of competencies that a person must achieve to develop or write program codes using a personal computer or workstation as part of a systems development team. Specifically, it includes specialized competencies on .NET technology programming language, such as: 1.) programming in HTML5 with JavaScript & CSS3 and 2.) developing ASP.NET MVC 5 web applications.

This Qualification is packaged from the competency map of the Information and Communication Technology Industry (Service sector)

A student or trainee who has achieved this Qualification can be employed in any or more of the following:

• Front-end web developer
• Windows store application developer
• Web Application developer
• Instructor/Professor

TRAINEE ENTRY REQUIREMENTS

Trainees or students wishing to gain entry into this course should possess the following requirements:

• Must have completed at least 10 yrs. basic education or an ALS grade 10 certificate of rating holder
• Can communicate either oral or written;
• With basic computer skills

This list does not include specific institutional requirements such as educational attainment, appropriate work experience and others that may be required from the trainees by the school or training center delivering the TVET program.

PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY) NC III TESDA COURSE MODULE

Course Title: PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY)
Level: NC III
Nominal Training Duration :

• (Basic Competency) 64 hours
• (Common Competency) 16 hours
• (Core Competency) 120 hours
• 352 hrs. – S.I.T. (Supervised-Industry Training)

TOTAL TRAINING DURATION: 552 Hours

This course is designed to develop & enhance the knowledge, skills, & attitudes of a programmer in accordance with industry standards. It covers the basic, common & core competencies on programming language, specifically .NET technology. The nominal duration of 552 hours covers the required units at Programming (.NET Technology) NC III. TVET providers can however, offer a longer, ladderized course covering the Programming (.NET Technology) NC III basic, common and core competency unit/s.

COMPETENCIES REQUIRED IN PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY) NC III

This units of competency comprising this qualification include Basic, Common and Core Competencies.

To obtain this TESDA Course in PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY) NC III, all units prescribed below for this qualification must be achieved.

These units of competency comprising this qualification include the following:

UNIT CODE	CORE COMPETENCIES (120 hours)
ICT313357	Perform Programming in HTML5 with JavaScript and CSS3
ICT313358	Develop ASP.NET MVC 5 Web Applications
UNIT CODE	COMMON COMPETENCIES (16 hours)
ICT315202	Apply quality standards
ICT311203	Perform computer operations
UNIT CODE	BASIC COMPETENCIES (64 hours)
500311109	Lead Workplace Communication
500311110	Lead Small Teams
500311111	Develop and Practice Negotiation skills
500311112	Solve Problems Related to Work Activities
500311113	Use Mathematical Concepts and Techniques
500311114	Use Relevant Technologies

These guidelines are set to provide the Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) providers with information and other important requirements to consider when designing training programs for PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY) NC III.

CORE COMPETENCIES

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : PERFORM PROGRAMMING IN HTML5 WITH JAVASCRIPT AND CSS3
UNIT CODE : ICT313357

This unit provides an introduction to HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript. This course helps students gain basic HTML5/CSS3/JavaScript programming skills. This course is an entry point into both the Web application and Windows Store apps training paths. The course focuses on using HTML5/CSS3/JavaScript to implement programming logic, define and use variables, perform looping and branching, develop user interfaces, capture and validate user input, store data, and create well structured application. Further, this unit covers the skills, knowledge and attitude required in developing HTML5 websites. This also includes an introduction to the Windows 8 platform and the Windows Store apps.

1. Develop basic HTML document using HTMP5 and CSS 3 syntax
   • Domain model is produced to illustrate different business domain features.
   • Business processes are documented using agreed representation format.
   • Interaction diagrams are produced that describe in detail how the objects will interact with the business logic to perform the methods or functions of the business processes.
   • Interaction diagrams are documented using agreed representation format.
   • An HTML5 document is created and configured according to user’s specification.
   • The HTML5 document is designed using cascading style sheet 3 (CSS3).
2. Create HTML5 document using advanced techniques with JavaScript and CSS3
   • Static pages are created using the new features available in HTML5.
   • CSS3 is used to apply basic styling to the elements in an HTML5 page.
   • Syntax of JavaScript is explained and how to use JavaScript with HTML5 is described.
   • JavaScript code that manipulates the HTML DOM is written and events are handled.
   • How to use jQuery is described to simplify code that uses many common JavaScript APIs.
   • Forms that use the new HTML5 input types are created.
   • User input is validated and feedback is provided by using the new HTML5 attributes.
   • JavaScript code is written to validate user input and feedback is provided in cases where it is not suitable to use HTML5 attributes
   • Text elements are styled on an HTML5 page by using CSS3.
   • Styling is applied to block elements by using CSS3.
   • CSS3 selectors are used to specify the elements to be styled in a Web application.
   • Graphical effects and transformations are implemented by using the new CSS3 properties
3. Communicate with Remote Data Source and Create Objects and Methods using JavaScript
   • Data are serialized, deserialized, sent and received by using XMLHTTPRequest object.
   • Code that serializes, deserializes, sends, and receives data is simplified by using the jQuery ajax method.
   • Benefits of structuring JavaScript code is described carefully to aid maintainability and extensibility.
   • Best practices are explained for creating custom objects in JavaScript.
   • How to extend custom and native objects is described to add functionality.
4. Create intuitive user interface and add offline support for web applications
   • Drag and Drop and File APIs are used to interact with files in a Web application.
   • Audio and video are incorporated into a Web application.
   • Location of the user running a Web application is detected by using the Geolocation API.
   • How to debug and profile a Web application is explained by using the Web Timing API.
   • The need to detect device capabilities is described and reacted to different form factors in a Web application.
   • Web page that can dynamically adapt its layout to match different form factors is created.
   • Data is saved and retrieved locally on the user’s computer by using the Local Storage API.
   • Offline support is provided for a Web application by using the Application Cache API.
5. Use CSS3 to create scalable graphics and animated user interface
   • Scalable Vector Graphics are used to add interactive graphics to an application.
   • Complex graphics are drawn on an HTML5 Canvas element by using JavaScript code.
   • CSS transitions are applied to elements on an HTML5 page, and write JavaScript code to detect when a transition has occurred.
   • Different types of 2D and 3D transitions available with CSS3 are described.
   • Complex animations are implemented by using CSS keyframes and JavaScript code.
6. Implement realtime communications by using websockets and web worker process
   • How Web Sockets work is explained and how to send and receive data through a Web Socket is described.
   • Web Socket API with JavaScript is used to connect to a Web Socket server, send and receive data, and handle the different events that can occur when a message is sent or received.
   • The purpose of a Web Worker process and how it can be used to perform asynchronous processing as well as provide isolation for sensitive operations is described.
   • Web Worker APIs from JavaScript code is used to create, run, and monitor a Web Worker process.
   • Occupational health and safety standards in the workplace and 5S disciplines are strictly followed as per enterprise policies and procedures.
7. Explore the Windows 8 platform and Windows Store Apps
   • Windows 8 platform, architecture, and features are described.
   • Basics of the Windows 8 UI and Windows Store app experience and how it differs from Windows desktop apps are explained.
   • New API model, how it supports building Windows Store apps, and how it supports multiple language-specific projections are explained.
   • Single-page based Windows Store apps is described
   • Windows store apps using MVVM (model-view-viewmodel) design pattern with JavaScript are designed and implemented.

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : DEVELOPING ASP.NET MVC WEB APPLICATIONS
UNIT CODE : ICT313358

In this course, students will learn to develop advanced ASP.NET MVC 5 (or higher) applications using .NET Framework 4.5 (or higher) tools and technologies. The focus will be on coding activities that enhance the performance and scalability of the Web site application. The Model View Controller (MVC) architectural pattern will be explained in this course. ASP.NET MVC will be introduced and compared with Web Forms so that students know when each should/could be used.

1. Employ basic project management tasks
   • Feature list is prepared in line with client requirements
   • Effective Excel Survey form is used to gather client information and requirements
   • Release plan is prepared and agreed with clients based on dependencies and business values
   • Visual presentation and supporting documents are presented during the client meeting
   • Tasks required to complete the feature are identified based on feature list and established design approach
   • Time estimates per task is assigned based on degree of complexity and size.
   • Analysis of development resources is performed
   • Tasks and To-do list are itemized using OneNote and Team Sites
   • Lync Online is used effectively for online internal meetings throughout the project development
   • Used test case scenarios are formulated and documented using specified format and in line with client requirements
   • Test cases are plotted in Excel Worksheets
   • Business process are documented using agreed representation format
2. Perform Object oriented programming with C#
   • The architecture of .NET Framework applications is described and the features that Visual Studio 2013 or higher and programming language provided are used to support .NET Framework development.
   • The basic data types, operators, and expressions are used.
   • Standard programming language constructs is used.
   • Create and invoke methods, pass parameters to methods, and return values from methods are used.
   • Overloaded methods are created and optional & output parameters are used.
   • Exceptions are catch and handled and information are written to the event log.
   • Requirement for implementing logging, tracing, and profiling is explained when building large-scale applications.
   • Principles of object-oriented programming are described.
   • Custom classes are created and used.
   • Custom interfaces are defined and implemented.
   • Generics are used to implement type-safe collections.
   • Abstract classes and inherit are defined from base classes to create a class hierarchy.
   • Inherit from .NET Framework classes and extension methods are used to add custom functionality to the inherited class.
   • Generic classes and methods are created.
3. Develop ASP.NET Web Applications using Model View Controller architectural pattern
   • The Microsoft Web Technologies stack is described.
   • Appropriate technology is selected to use to develop any given application.
   • Architecture of web application is designed to meet a set of functional requirements, user interface requirements, and address business models.
   • The implementation of a web application that will meet a set of functional requirements, user interface requirements, and address business models is designed.
   • MVC Models are created.
   • Code that implements business logic within Model methods, properties, and events is written.
   • Controllers to an MVC Application is added to manage user interaction
   • Models are updated.
   • Select and return Views.
   • Razor syntax is used to create Views in an MVC application that display
   • Data is edited.
   • Interact with Models and Controllers.
4. Test and debug ASP.NET MVC Web Applications
   • Unit tests and debugging tools are ran against a web application in Visual Studio
   • An application for troubleshooting is configured.
5. Create custom URLs and apply style to ASP.NET MVC Web applications
   • A web application that uses the ASP.NET routing engine to present friendly URLs is developed.
   • A web application that uses the ASP.NET routing engine to a logical navigation hierarchy to users is developed.
   • Template Views are used.
   • A Consistent Look and Feel is applied to an MVC Application
   • Web Pages for Different Browsers are adapted
6. Create responsive web pages and implementing security
   • Partial page updates and caching are used to reduce the network bandwidth used by an application
   • Accelerate responses to user requests is performed.
   • JavaScript code that runs on the client-side is written
   • JQuery script library is utilized to optimize the responsiveness of an MVC web application.
   • Authentication is implemented in an MVC web application using Membership Provider.
   • Authorization is implemented in an MVC web application using Role Provider.
   • A secure MVC application that resists malicious attacks is built.
   • An MVC application that persist information about users and preferences is built.
7. Create RESTful API, modify URLs and deploy ASP.NET MVC applications
   • A Web API is described
   • Why developers might add a Web API to an application is identified and explained.
   • RESTful web API is built and consumed from other applications.
   • Modifying the way browser requests are handled by an MVC application using HTTP modules and HTTP handlers.
   • Request from browser using web sockets is intercepted.
   • Windows Azure web service is written
   • Code written to call the web service from and MVC application.
   • An ASP.NET MVC 5 web application from a development computer is packaged to a web server for staging or production.
   • An ASP.NET MVC 5 web application from a development computer is deployed to a web server for staging or production.

COMMON COMPETENCIES

UNIT TITLE : APPLY QUALITY STANDARDS
UNIT CODE : ICT315202

This unit covers the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to apply quality standards in the workplace. The unit also includes the application of relevant safety procedures and regulations, organization procedures and customer requirements.

1. Assess quality of received materials
   • Work instruction is obtained and work is carried out in accordance with standard operating procedures.
   • Received materials are checked against workplace standards and specifications.
   • Faulty materials related to work are identified and isolated.
   • Faults and any identified causes are recorded and/or reported to the supervisor concerned in accordance with workplace procedures.
   • Faulty materials are replaced in accordance with workplace procedures.
2. Assess own work
   • Documentation relative to quality within the company is identified and used.
   • Completed work is checked against workplace standards relevant to the task undertaken.
   • Errors are identified and isolated.
   • Information on the quality and other indicators of production performance are recorded in accordance with workplace procedures.
   • In cases of deviations from specific quality standards, causes are documented and reported in accordance with the workplace’ s standards operating procedures.
3. Engage in quality improvement (Produce)
   • Process improvement procedures are participated in relative to workplace assignment.
   • Work is carried out in accordance with process improvement procedures.
   • Performance of operation or quality of product of service to ensure customer satisfaction is monitored.

UNIT TITLE : PERFORM COMPUTER OPERATIONS
UNIT CODE : ICT 311203

This unit covers the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to perform computer operations which include inputting, accessing, producing and transferring data using the appropriate hardware and software.

1. Plan and prepare for task to be taken undertaken
   • Requirements of task are determined in accordance with the required output.
   • Appropriate hardware and software are selected according to task assigned and required outcome.
   • Task is planned to ensure that OH & S guidelines and procedures are followed.
   • Client -specific guidelines and procedures are followed.
   • Required data security guidelines are applied in accordance with existing procedures.
2. Input data into computer
   • Data are entered into the computer using appropriate program/application in accordance with company procedures.
   • Accuracy of information is checked and information is saved in accordance with standard operating procedures.
   • Inputted data is stored in storage media according to requirements.
   • Work is performed within ergonomic guidelines.
3. Access information using computer
   • Correct program/application is selected based on job requirements.
   • Program/application containing the information required is accessed according to company procedures.
   • Desktop icons are correctly selected, opened and closed for navigation purposes.
   • Keyboard techniques are carried out in line with OH & S requirements for safe use of keyboards.
4. Produce output/data using computer system
   • Entered data are processed using appropriate software commands.
   • Data are printed out as required using computer hardware /peripheral devices in accordance with standard operating procedures.
   • Files and data are transferred between compatible systems using computer software, hardware/peripheral devices in accordance with standard operating procedures.
5. Use basic functions of a www-browser to locate information
   • Information requirements for internet search are established.
   • Browser is launched.
   • Search engine is loaded.
   • Appropriate search criteria/or URL of site is entered.
   • Relevant links are followed to locate required information.
   • Useful pages are bookmarked or printed as required
6. Maintain computer equipment and systems
   • Procedures for ensuring security of data, including regular back-ups and virus checks are implemented in accordance with standard operating procedures.
   • Basic file maintenance procedures are implemented in line with the standards operating procedures.

BASIC COMPETENCIES

The BASIC COMPETENCIES refer to non-technical skills (knowledge, skills and attitudes) that everybody will need in order to perform satisfactorily at work and in society and are considered portable and transferable irrespective of jobs and industrial settings.

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : LEAD WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION
UNIT CODE : 500311109

This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to lead in the dissemination and discussion of ideas, information and issues in the workplace.

1. Communicate information about workplace processes
   • Appropriate communication method is selected
   • Multiple operations involving several topics areas are communicated accordingly
   • Questions are used to gain extra information
   • Correct sources of information are identified
   • Information is selected and organized correctly
   • Verbal and written reporting is undertaken when required
   • Communication skills are maintained in all situations
2. Lead workplace discussions
   • Response to workplace issues are sought
   • Response to workplace issues are provided immediately
   • Constructive contributions are made to workplace discussions on such issues as production, quality and safety
   • Goals/objectives and action plan undertaken in the workplace are communicated
3. Identify and communicate issues arising in the workplace
   • Issues and problems are identified as they arise
   • Information regarding problems and issues are organized coherently to ensure clear and effective communication
   • Dialogue is initiated with appropriate personnel
   • Communication problems and issues are raised as they arise

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : LEAD SMALL TEAMS
UNIT CODE : 500311110

This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes to lead small teams including setting and maintaining team and individual performance standards.

1. Provide team leadership
   • Work requirements are identified and presented to team members
   • Reasons for instructions and requirements are communicated to team members
   • Team members’ queries and concerns are recognized, discussed and dealt with
2. Assign responsibilities
   • Duties, and responsibilities are allocated having regard to the skills, knowledge and aptitude required to properly undertake the assigned task and according to company policy
   • Duties are allocated having regard to individual preference, domestic and personal considerations, whenever possible
3. Set performance expectations for team members
   • Performance expectations are established based on client needs and according to assignment requirements
   • Performance expectations are based on individual team members duties and area of responsibility
   • Performance expectations are discussed and disseminated to individual team members
4. Supervised team performance
   • Monitoring of performance takes place against defined performance criteria and/or assignment instructions and corrective action taken if required
   • Team members are provided with feedback, positive support and advice on strategies to overcome any deficiencies
   • Performance issues which cannot be rectified or addressed within the team are referenced to appropriate personnel according to employer policy
   • Team members are kept informed of any changes in the priority allocated to assignments or tasks which might impact on client/customer needs and satisfaction
   • Team operations are monitored to ensure that employer/client needs and requirements are met
   • Follow-up communication is provided on all issues affecting the team
   • All relevant documentation is completed in accordance with company procedures

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : DEVELOP AND PRACTICE NEGOTIATION SKILLS
UNIT CODE : 500311111

This unit covers the skills, knowledge and attitudes required to collect information in order to negotiate to a desired outcome and participate in the negotiation.

1. Plan negotiations
   • Information on preparing for negotiation is identified and included in the plan
   • Information on creating non verbal environments for positive negotiating is identified and included in the plan
   • Information on active listening is identified and included in the plan
   • Information on different questioning techniques is identified and included in the plan
   • Information is checked to ensure it is correct and up-to- date
2. Participate in negotiations
   • Criteria for successful outcome are agreed upon by all parties
   • Desired outcome of all parties are considered
   • Appropriate language is used throughout the negotiation
   • A variety of questioning techniques are used
   • The issues and processes are documented and agreed upon by all parties
   • Possible solutions are discussed and their viability assessed
   • Areas for agreement are confirmed and recorded
   • Follow-up action is agreed upon by all parties

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : SOLVE PROBLEMS RELATED TO WORK ACTIVITIES
UNIT CODE : 500311112

This unit of covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to solve problems in the workplace including the application of problem solving techniques and to determine and resolve the root cause of problems.

1. Identify the problem
   • Variances are identified from normal operating parameters; and product quality
   • Extent, cause and nature are of the problem are defined through observation, investigation and analytical techniques
   • Problems are clearly stated and specified
2. Determine fundamental causes of the problem
   • Possible causes are identified based on experience and the use of problem solving tools / analytical techniques.
   • Possible cause statements are developed based on findings
   • Fundamental causes are identified per results of investigation conducted
3. Determine corrective action
   • All possible options are considered for resolution of the problem
   • Strengths and weaknesses of possible options are considered
   • Corrective actions are determined to resolve the problem and possible future causes
   • Action plans are developed identifying measurable objectives, resource needs and timelines in accordance with safety and operating procedures
4. Provide recommendation/s to manager
   • Report on recommendations are prepared
   • Recommendations are presented to appropriate personnel.
   • Recommendations are followed-up, if required

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : USE MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES
UNIT CODE : 500311113

This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required in the application of mathematical concepts and techniques.

1. Identify mathematical tools and techniques to solve problem
   • Problem areas are identified based on given condition
   • Mathematical techniques are selected based on the given problem
2. Apply mathematical procedure/solution
   • Mathematical techniques are applied based on the problem identified
   • Mathematical computations are performed to the level of accuracy required for the problem
   • Results of mathematical computation is determined and verified based on job requirements
3. Analyze results
   • Result of application is reviewed based on expected and required specifications and outcome
   • Appropriate action is applied in case of error

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : USE RELEVANT TECHNOLOGIES
UNIT CODE : 500311114

This unit of competency covers the knowledge, skills, and attitude required in selecting, sourcing and applying appropriate and affordable technologies in the workplace.

1. Study/select appropriate technology
   • Usage of different technologies is determined based on job requirements
   • Appropriate technology is selected as per work specification
2. Apply relevant technology
   • Relevant technology is effectively used in carrying out function
   • Applicable software and hardware are used as per task requirement
   • Management concepts are observed and practiced as per established industry practices
3. Maintain/enhance relevant technology
   • Maintenance of technology is applied in accordance with the industry standard operating procedure, manufacturer’s operating guidelines and occupational health and safety procedure to ensure its operative ability
   • Updating of technology is maintained through continuing education or training in accordance with job requirement
   • Technology failure/ defect is immediately reported to the concern/responsible person or section for appropriate action

DEFINITION OF TERMS

GENERAL

• Basic Competencies – are the skills and knowledge that everyone needs for work
• Certification – is the process of verifying and validating the competencies of a person through assessment
• Certificate of Competency (COC) – is a certification issued to individuals who pass the assessment for a single unit or cluster of units of competency
• Common Competencies – are the skills and knowledge needed by all people working in a particular industry
• Competency – is the possession and application of knowledge, skills and attitudes to perform work activities to the standard expected in the workplace
• Competency Assessment – is the process of collecting evidence and making judgments on whether competency has been achieved
• Competency Standard (CS) – is the industry-determined specification of competencies required for effective work performance
• Context of Assessment – refers to the place where assessment is to be conducted or carried out
• Core Competencies – are the specific skills and knowledge needed in a particular area of work – industry sector/occupation/job role
• Critical aspects of competency – refers to the evidence that is essential for successful performance of the unit of competency
• Elective Competencies – are the additional skills and knowledge required by the individual or enterprise for work
• Elements – are the building blocks of a unit of competency. They describe in outcome terms the functions that a person perform in the workplace
• Evidence Guide – is a component of the unit of competency that defines or identifies the evidences required to determine the competence of the individual. It provides information on critical aspects of competency, underpinning knowledge, underpinning skills, resource implications, assessment method and context of assessment
• Level – refers to the category of skills and knowledge required to do a job
• Method of Assessment – refers to the ways of collecting evidence and when evidence should be collected
• National Certificate (NC) – is a certification issued to individuals who achieve all the required units of competency for a national qualification defined under the Training Regulations. NCs are aligned to specific levels within the PTQF
• Performance Criteria – are evaluative statements that specify what is to be assessed and the required level of performance
• Qualification – is a cluster of units of competencies that meets job roles and is significant in the workplace. It is also a certification awarded to a person on successful completion of a course in recognition of having demonstrated competencies in an industry sector
• Range of Variables – describes the circumstances or context in which the work is to be performed
• Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) – is the acknowledgement of an individual’s skills, knowledge and attitudes gained from life and work experiences outside registered training programs
• Resource Implications – refers to the resources needed for the successful performance of the work activity described in the unit of competency. It includes work environment and conditions, materials, tools and equipment
• Training Regulations (TR) – refers to the document promulgated and issued by TESDA consisting of competency standards, national qualifications and training guidelines for specific sectors/occupations. The TR serves as basis for establishment of qualification and certification under the PTQF. It also serves as guide for development of competency-based curricula and instructional materials including registration of TVET programs offered by TVET providers
• Underpinning Knowledge – refers to the competency that involves in applying knowledge to perform work activities. It includes specific knowledge that is essential to the performance of the competency
• Underpinning Skills – refers to the list of the skills needed to achieve the elements and performance criteria in the unit of competency. It includes generic and industry specific skills
• Unit of Competency – is a component of the competency standards stating a specific key function or role in a particular job or occupation; it is the smallest component of achievement that can be assessed and certified under the PTQF

SECTOR SPECIFIC

• ADO.NET – is a set of computer software components that programmers can use to access data and data services. It is a part of the base class library that is included with the Microsoft .NET Framework. It is commonly used by programmers to access and modify data stored in relational database systems, though it can also access data in nonrelational sources. ADO.NET is sometimes considered an evolution of ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) technology, but was changed so extensively that it can be considered an entirely new product.
• ASP.NET – is a web application framework developed and marketed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build dynamic web sites, web applications and web services. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language.
• Algorithm – is a type of effective method in which a list of well-defined instructions for completing a task will, when given an initial state, proceed through a well-defined series of successive states, eventually terminating in an end-state. The transition from one state to the next is not necessarily deterministic; some algorithms, known as probabilistic algorithms, incorporate randomness.
• Artificial intelligence programmer – develops the logic the game uses to carry out a large number of actions. An AI programmer may program pathfinding, strategy and enemy tactic systems. This is one of the most challenging aspects of game programming and its sophistication is developing rapidly.
• Browser – a software package that provides the user interface for accessing Internet, intranet and extranet Web sites.
• COBOL – is one of the oldest programming languages. Its name is an acronym for Common Business-Oriented Language, defining its primary domain in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments.
• Compiler – is a computer program (or set of programs) that transforms source code written in a programming language (the source language) into another computer language (the target language, often having a binary form known as object code). The most common reason for wanting to transform source code is to create an executable program.
• Computer – a device that has the ability to accept data; internally store and execute a program of instructions; perform mathematical, logical, and manipulative operations on data; and report the results.
• Computer program – also a software program, or just a program, is a sequence of instructions written to perform a specified task for a computer. A computer requires programs to function, typically executing the program’s instructions in a central processor. The program has an executable form that the computer can use directly to execute the instructions. The same program in its human-readable source code form, from which executable programs are derived (e.g., compiled), enables a programmer to study and develop its algorithms.
• Computer programming – is the iterative process of writing or editing source code. Editing source code involves testing, analyzing, and refining, and sometimes coordinating with other programmers on a jointly developed program. A person who practices this skill is referred to as a computer programmer, software developer or coder. The sometimes lengthy process of computer programming is usually referred to as software development.
• Computer Terminal – any input/output device connected by telecommunications links to a computer.
• C language – is an imperative (procedural) systems implementation language. It was designed to be compiled using a relatively straightforward compiler, to provide low-level access to memory, to provide language constructs that map efficiently to machine instructions, and to require minimal run-time support. C was therefore useful for many applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language.
• C++ language – is a statically typed, free-form, multi-paradigm, compiled, general purpose programming language. It comprises a combination of both high-level and low level language features. Some of its application domains include systems software, application software, device drivers, embedded software, high-performance server and client applications, and entertainment software such as video games.
• Data – objective measurements of the attributes (characteristics) of entities such as people, places, things, and events.
• Data access – typically refers to software and activities related to storing, retrieving, or acting on data housed in a database or other repository. Historically, different methods and languages were required for every repository, including each different database, file system, etc., and many of these repositories stored their content in different and incompatible formats.
• Decompiler – is the name given to a computer program that performs the reverse operation to that of a compiler. That is, it translates a file containing information at a relatively low level of abstraction (usually designed to be computer readable rather than human readable) into a form having a higher level of abstraction (usually designed to be human readable)
• Documentation – a collection of documents or information.
• Edit – to modify the form or format of data
• End user – anyone who uses an information system or the information it produces.
• Ergonomics – the science and technology emphasizing the safety, comfort, and ease of use of human-operated machines. The goal of ergonomics is to produce systems that are user-friendly: safe, comfortable and easy to use.
• HTML, which stands for HyperText Markup Language – is the predominant markup language for web pages. It is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of “tags” surrounded by angle brackets within the web page content. It is the building blocks of all basic websites.
• Information – data placed in a meaningful and useful context for an end user.
• Information and Communication Technology (ICT) – refers to technologies associated with the transmission and exchange of data in the form of sound, text, visual images, signals or any combination of those forms through the use of digital technology. It encompasses such services as telecommunications, posts, multimedia, electronic commerce, broadcasting, and information technology.
• Integrated development environment (IDE) – is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development. An IDE normally consists of a source code editor, a compiler and/or interpreter, build automation tools, and (usually) a debugger. Typically an IDE is dedicated to a specific programming language, so as to provide a feature set which most closely matches the programming paradigms of the language. However, some multiple-language IDEs are in use, such as Eclipse, ActiveState Komodo, recent versions of NetBeans, and Microsoft Visual Studio.
• Java – is a general-purpose, concurrent, class-based, object-oriented language that is specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers “write once, run anywhere”. Java is currently one of the most popular programming languages in use, and is widely used from application software to web applications
• Java applications – are typically compiled to bytecode (class file) that can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture.
• Local Area Network (LAN) – a communications network that typically connects computers, terminals, and other computerized devices within a limited physical area such as an office, building, manufacturing plant and other work sites.
• Microsoft .NET Framework – is a software framework that can be installed on computers running Microsoft Windows operating systems. It includes a large library of coded solutions to common programming problems and a common language infrastructure that manages the execution of programs written specifically for the framework. The .NET Framework supports multiple programming languages in a manner that allows language interoperability, whereby each language can utilize code written in other languages; in particular, the .NET library is available to all the programming languages that .NET encompasses.
• Microsoft SQL Server – is a relational model database server produced by Microsoft. Its primary query languages are T-SQL and ANSI SQL
• Object code – or an object file, is the representation of code that a compiler or assembler generates by processing a source code file. Object files contain compact code, often called “binaries”. A linker is typically used to generate an executable or library by linking object files together. The only essential element in an object file is machine code (code directly executed by a computer’s CPU). Object files for embedded systems might contain nothing but machine code. However, object files often also contain data for use by the code at runtime, relocation information, program symbols (names of variables and functions) for linking and/or debugging purposes, and other debugging information.
• Oracle Forms – is a software product for creating screens that interact with an Oracle database. It has a typical IDE including an object navigator, property sheet and code editor that uses PL/SQL. It was originally developed to run server-side in character mode terminal sessions. It was ported to other platforms, including Windows, to function in a client–server environment. Later versions were ported to Java where it runs in a Java EE container and can integrate with Java and web services. The primary focus of Forms is to create data entry systems that access an Oracle database.
• Oracle Reports – is a tool for developing reports against data stored in an Oracle database. Oracle Reports consists of Oracle Reports Developer (a component of the Oracle Developer Suite) and Oracle Application Server Reports Services (a component of the Oracle Application Server).
• Outsourcing – turning over all or part of an organization’s information systems operation to outside contractors, known as systems integrators or facilities management companies.
• Programming language – is an artificial language designed to express computations that can be performed by a machine, particularly a computer. Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine, to express algorithms precisely, or as a mode of human communication.
• Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) – a statistical tool used in project management, that is designed to analyze and represent the tasks involved in completing a given project.
• Quality Assurance – methods for ensuring that information systems are free from errors and fraud and provide information products of high quality.
• Relational database management system (RDBMS) – is a database management system (DBMS) that is based on the relational model as introduced by E. F. Codd. Most popular commercial and open source databases currently in use are based on the relational database model. A short definition of an RDBMS may be a DBMS in which data is stored in the form of tables and the relationship among the data is also stored in the form of tables.
• Service-oriented programming (SOP) – is a programming paradigm that uses “services” as the unit of computer work, to design and implement integrated business applications and mission critical software programs. Services can represent steps of business processes and thus one of the main applications of this paradigm is the cost effective delivery of standalone or composite business applications that can “integrate from the inside-out.”
• Software – computer programs and procedures concerned with the operation of an information system.
• Source code – is any collection of statements or declarations written in some human readable computer programming language. Source code is the means most often used by programmers to specify the actions to be performed by a computer.
• SQL, often referred to as Structured Query Language – is a database computer language designed for managing data in relational database management systems (RDBMS), and originally based upon relational algebra. Its scope includes data insert, query, update and delete, schema creation and modification, and data access control.
• Standards – measures of performance developed to evaluate the progress of a system toward its objectives
• System – an assembly of methods, procedures, or techniques unified by regulated interaction to form an organized whole
• User- friendly – a characteristic of human-operated equipment and systems that makes them safe, comfortable, and easy to use.
• User interface – is the system by which people (users) interact with a machine. The user interface includes hardware (physical) and software (logical) components. User interfaces exist for various systems, and provide a means of: 1) Input, allowing the users to manipulate a system, and/or 2) Output, allowing the system to indicate the effects of the users’ manipulation.
• VB.NET – is a redesigned, object-oriented dialect of Visual Basic.
• Web application – is an application that is accessed over a network such as the Internet or an intranet. The term may also mean a computer software application that is hosted in a browser-controlled environment (e.g. a Java applet) or coded in a browser-supported language (such as JavaScript, combined with a browser-rendered markup language like HTML) and reliant on a common web browser to render the application executable.
• Windows Forms – is the name given to the graphical application programming interface (API) included as a part of Microsoft’s .NET Framework, providing access to the native Microsoft Windows interface elements by wrapping the existing Windows API in managed code. While it is seen as a replacement for the earlier and more complex C++ based Microsoft Foundation Class Library, it does not offer a paradigm comparable to model–view–controller.
• Windows Forms application – is an event-driven application supported by Microsoft’s .NET Framework. Unlike a batch program, it spends most of its time simply waiting for the user to do something, such as fill in a text box or click a button.
• Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) – is a deliverable oriented decomposition of a project into smaller components.